switch

switch (expression) { //Expr usually a variable or function call.
case constant:        //case values must be constants, not variables.
                      //integral (int and char only). Not float, not string.
    stmts             //The first case value that matches the expr, 
                      //its stmts executed.
    break;   // terminates the switch.  
             //Else will fall thru to next case's stmts
case constant:
  stmts
  break;
case constant:
case constant:             // either of two values
  stmts
  break;
// can have as many cases as needed
default:   // optional.  Catch-all, will execute if none 
           //of the cases matched
  stmts
}

int choice;
cout << "Enter choice 1 - 5: ";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice) {
case 1:  //whatever the choice 1 stuff is
         break;
case 2: //choice 2 stuff
        break;
case 3: //do 3's code
        break;
case 4: //bunch of stmts for 4
        break;
case 5: //5's statements here
        break;
default: cout << "Invalid choice.  1 thru 5 only";
}

Simple calculator program. User enters num op num, eg. 10 * 4 program determines type of operation, performs calculation, outputs result.

(See program) simpcalc.cpp Try it

---------------------------------------------------------
"multiple choices:"

case '*':
case 'x':  result = num1 * num2;
  break;

Any switch statement can be written as if, else if...

//calculator program revisited
if (op == '+')
  result = num1 + num2;
else if (op == '-')
  result = num1 - num2;
else if (op=='*' || op=='x')
  result = num1 * num2;
else if (op == '/')
  if (num2 == 0)
    cout << "Illegal divide by zero";
  else
    result = num1 / num2;
else
  cout << "Illegal operator";

But not every if, else if... could feasibly be turned into a switch:

if (val>0 && val<1000)
   //do action1
else if (val>=1000 && val<2000)
  //do action2

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