| physical extension | 1D length
height width depth girth perimeter circumference distance elevation altitude | meter cm mm µm nm pm Å fm am km AU light-year parsec megaparsec | mil inch" foot' yard fathom rod chain furlong mile nm league |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2D area | length_unit2 hectare barn | acre section township | |
| 3D volume
space | length_unit3 cc liter/litre | dram The dram of evil Doth all the noble substance often doubt To his own scandal. tsp Tbsp fl.oz. gill shot cup pint quart gallon peck bushel firkin barrel hogshead cord acre-foot CCF | |
| energy ("oompf") | electronvolt erg Joule (GJ) calorie Calorie kWh dB magnitude megaton toe tce | BTU therm BOE | |
| power (energy per time) | watt (kW MW GW TW mW) dBm | horsepower hp | |
| mass/weight | gram (kg mg µg ng pg) carat tonne | grain dram pennyweight ounce (oz) pound (lb) stone slug firkin bushel hundredweight ton, long ton | |
| information | bit b, byte B [KB MB GB TB PB EB] | ||
| time | jiffy shake (10ns) second (ms µs ns) minute hour day week fortnight month quarter year decade century millenium aeon | ||
| angle | degree° (arc)minute' (arc)second" radian | ||
| temperature | °C °F Kelvin | ||
| monetary | $ ¢ ¥ € £ | ||
| military | fireteam | squad crew section patrol | platoon flight chalk | company battery troop | battalion squadron | regiment brigade group wing | division legion | corps army fleet | army-group | ||
| Misc. | proof credits point(1/72") pH | ||
| approximation | difference | percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mile | |||
| 1.6 km | -9.344m | -.58% | |
| 1.61 km | +.656m | +.04076% | |
| 1.609 km | -.344m | -.02138% | |
| 1.609344 km | 0 | 0% |
| acre = | furlong × chain | 40 rods × 4 rods | 220 yd × 66 ft | 4,840 yd2 | 43,560 ft2 | mile2/640 | ≈(69.57yd)2 | ≈.40468 hectare | 90.75% football field |
|---|
| metre = | ≈39.370" | ≈3.281' (3' 3.37") | ≈1.0936 yd (1yd 3.37") |
|---|
Historical definitions:
metre=1/10,000,000 distance equator to pole
gram=1cc water
1 gallon = 231 inches3. Water weighs 8.3454 lbs = 3.785411784 kg. (pint≈lb)
(Liter=kg)
Human body volume≈kg/4 Gal
1 fluid ounce = 1/128 gallon = 1.8046875 inches3 = 29.5735295625 ml
1 pound = 0.45359237 kg
grain=67.79891mg dram=1.7718451953125g
pennyweight dwt=24gr=1.55517384g
slug=32.174049lb firkin=56lb coalsack=112lb large sack=224lb woolsack=350lb
[long]ton=20 cwt=2240 lbs [short]ton=2000 lbs
[metric]tonne=1000kg=2204.6 lbs
| grains gr | drams dr | ounces oz | pounds lb | stones | hundredweight cwt | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dram | 27.34 | |||||
| ounce | 437.5 | 16 | ||||
| pound | 7000 | 256 | 16 | |||
| stone | ? | 3584 | 224 | 14 | ||
| hundredweight | 112 | 8 | ||||
| long ton | 2240 | 20 |
| inches | feet | yards | fathoms | rods | chains | furlongs | miles | nautical miles | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| foot (ft ') | 12 | ||||||||
| yard (yd) | 36 | 3 | |||||||
| fathom | 72 | 6 | 2 | ||||||
| rod | 198 | 16½ | 5½ | 2.75 | |||||
| chain | 792 | 66 | 22 | 11 | 4 | ||||
| furlong | 7920 | 660 | 220 | 110 | 40 | 10 | |||
| mile (mi) | 63,360 | 5,280 | 1,760 | 880 | 320 | 80 | 8 | ||
| nautical mile (nm) | 72,000 | 6000 | 2000 | 1000 | 363.6363 | 90.9090 | 9.0909 | 1 3/22 =1.13636 | |
| league | 3 |
1 Calorie raises 1 L of water 1° Celsius.
n Calories raise 1 L of water n° Celsius.
Joule=107 ergs Calorie≈4200J
1J≈lift 100g 1m 10J≈lift 1kg 1m 100J≈lift 10kg 1m (42 reps ≈ 1 Calorie)
Watt=1J/s 4200W≈1Cal/s
1500 Cal/day≈1Cal/min≈70W
one year: 550,000 Cal ≈ 600 kWh
2000 Cal/day≈1.4Cal/min≈97W
one year: 730,000 Cal ≈ 800 kWh
2500 Cal/day≈1.7Cal/min≈121W
one year: 912,000 Cal ≈ 1000 kWh
fat: 9Cal/gm=4082Cal/lb
TNT: 1Cal/gm
solar energy: ~5kWh/m2/day≈18MJ≈4300Cal coal: 30MJ/kg≈7100Cal
particle density: intergalactic medium:10-6/cc
interstellar medium:1/cc vacuum chamber:100/cc
sea-level air: 1019/cc (10 quintillion)
water: 3.3*1022/cc (33 sextillion)
Earth: surface area: 200M mi2 volume: 268B mi3
mass: 5.9×1024kg
volume of the reference ellipsoid is V = 4/3PIa2b, where a and b are its semimajor and semiminor axes.
a=6,378.137 km and b=6,357.7523142km,
V = 1.08321×1012 km3 (259.88B mi3)
electron mass: 9.109×10-31kg
proton mass: 1.673×10-27kg
BSA≈.00718*Wkg.425Hcm.725
BMI=703*lbs/in2
BMR Calories/day≈10kg+6.25cm-5years+5(men, -161women)